“Third wave” Therapies of Behavioral-Cognitive Therapies in the Treatment of Trauma

Abstract

Techniques from the field of behavioral-cognitive therapy (CBT) have proven to be effective in the treatment of people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while in recent times more and more attention has been focused on checking the effectiveness of the so-called third-wave of CBT. Research shows that practicing mindfulness techniques, or focused awareness, can help reduce symptoms of PTSD, such as heightened arousal, recurring night terrors and difficulties with emotional regulation. The effectiveness of these procedures is based on teaching individuals how to focus on the present moment instead of giving in to recurring traumatic thoughts or feelings. In addition, mindfulness can help develop better regulation of emotions and reactions to stressful situations. Also, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) techniques have shown promising results in the treatment of trauma. ACT is a form of therapy that focuses on changing the individual's relationship to their thoughts and feelings, rather than changing the content of thoughts and feelings. In the context of PTSD, ACT can help individuals learn to accept traumatic experiences and the feelings that accompany them instead of fighting or repressing them. Acceptance allows people with PTSD to release the feelings of guilt, shame or helplessness that often accompany their reactions to trauma. Additionally, ACT helps individuals identify their values and goals and commit to acting on them, despite the PTSD symptoms they experience. The commitment described can help reduce the avoidance of anxiety-provoking situations or recollections of traumatic events, which can contribute to improving the quality of life of people with PTSD. In conclusion, research confirms the effectiveness of third-wave CBT techniques in the treatment of trauma, but the need for an individualized approach to each patient and the integration of the described techniques into a broader treatment plan that may include other therapeutic modalities depending on the needs of the individual is highlighted.